Exogenous methyl jasmonate combined with Ca2+ promote resveratrol biosynthesis and stabilize sprout growth for the production of resveratrol-rich peanut sprouts.

Promoting resveratrol accumulation in plants and utilizing resveratrol-rich plants as raw materials for the development of functional foods is a promising development direction. The effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), in combination with CaCl2 and Ca2+ inhibitors, on physiological metabolism and resveratrol enrichment of peanut sprouts were investigated. MeJA combined with CaCl2 increased Ca2+ content, calmodulin content, and Ca2+- adenosine triphosphatase activity, as well as upregulated calcium-binding proteinase expression levels. Treatment with MeJA plus CaCl2 significantly increased peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities and antioxidant capacities, significantly decreased the content of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, which resulted in a significantly increased in sprout length and fresh weight, and alleviated the inhibition of sprout growth. MeJA plus CaCl2 significantly increased the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase and upregulated the expression levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, and resveratrol synthase, thus significantly increasing resveratrol content. However, MeJA combined with Ca2+ antagonists reversed these effects. These results indicate that MeJA interacts with Ca2+ to promote resveratrol synthesis in peanut sprouts and to improve sprout stress tolerances.

Quantifying the Influence of Li Plating on a Graphite Anode by Mass Spectrometry.

The prominent problem with graphite anodes in practical applications is the detrimental Li plating, resulting in rapid capacity fade and safety hazards. Herein, secondary gas evolution behavior during the Li-plating process was monitored by online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), and the onset of local microscale Li plating on the graphite anode was precisely/explicitly detected in situ/operando for early safety warnings. The distribution of irreversible capacity loss (e.g., primary and secondary solid electrolyte interface (SEI), dead Li, etc.) under Li-plating conditions was accurately quantified by titration mass spectroscopy (TMS). Based on OEMS/TMS results, the effect of typical VC/FEC additives was recognized at the level of Li plating. The nature of vinylene carbonate (VC)/fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive modification is to enhance the elasticity of primary and secondary SEI by adjusting organic carbonates and/or LiF components, leading to less "dead Li" capacity loss. Though VC-containing electrolyte greatly suppresses the H2/C2H4 (flammable/explosive) evolution during Li plating, more H2 is released from the reductive decomposition of FEC.